Journal of Agriculture
and Environmental Sciences

Slow-Release Fertilizers Its Hydrosolubility and Response in Potato Plant (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Gigant
Juan M. Covarrubias Ramírez, Roberto Núñez Escobar, Prometeo Sánchez García, Rodrigo Aveldaño Salazar, y Juan José Peña-Cabriales

Abstract
Nitrogen excessive use in agriculture had generated slow-release fertilizers, the objective was to determine quality, hidrosolubility, and response in potatoes. The assessment was made in a greenhouse in pots with two soil types: acid and calcareous. Three slow-release fertilizer from clay-urea-potassium type (AUK) was evaluated with three manufactured forms: (1) unless intercalation, (2) intercalation by dry milled, and (3) intercalation by absorption of the solution, and traditional fertilizers (T) with two doses: 70-400-100 and 140-400-200, and one blank without fertilization. Nine treatments in random design with four replications were generated. Quality with standardization norms, hidrosolubility with soil solution, and measure of N-NO3, K and CE with specific electrode and response by inductive experimental and deductive conceptual methods was determined. Quality showed that AUK was in standard norms, except by the size that it difficult the use in conventional fertilizer equipment. The hidrosolubility showed that AUK3-140 had the most height values of N-NO3 with 767 mg L-1 and K with 166 mg L-1, also T-140 had the most height value of CE with 5.5 dS m-1; in calcareous soil, the values were height than acid soil. In the inductive method, the height response of yield was in AUK1 with 88 kg N ha-1, the lowest N dose in acid soil. In calcareous soils, only T and AUK3 showed a quadratic response with doses up to 195 kg N ha-1. In the deductive method, AUK1-70 showed the best significant response (P ≤ 0.05) in acid soil with 4.48 mg mg-1, 161.9 mg mg-1 y 335.9 % of N uptake efficiency (EAN), N use efficiency (EUN), and N utilization efficiency (ERN), respectively. In calcareous soil, T-70 showed a significant difference in EUN, and the other efficiencies no-showed an overwhelming difference. Acid soil showed height values of efficiency and in both soils, the deductive method overestimates the efficiency values.

Full Text: PDF     DOI: 10.15640/jaes.v11n2a3